Dark Energy ? A Factor on Universe Expansion

Dark energy is a dilute component that has been proposed to explain the observed recent acceleration of the universe’s expansion, which can be accounted for a wide range of observations (1). Dark energy- the mysterious stuff that is causing the universe’s expansion to accelerate – could be illuminated by another dark enigma: the black hole. The dark energyis a hypothetical form of energy that permeates all of space and tends to increase the rate of expansion of the Universe (2). Dark energy is the most popular way to explain recent observations and experiments that the Universe appears to be expanding at an accelerating rate. In the standard model of cosmology, dark energy currently accounts for 74% of the total mass-energy of the Universe(3). 

 Einstein’s static Universe would actually be unstable because local non-homogeneities would ultimately lead to either the runaway expansion or contraction of the Universe. The equilibrium is unstable: if the Universe expands slightly, then the expansion releases vacuum energy, which causes yet more expansion. Likewise, a Universe which contracts slightly will continue contracting. These sorts of disturbances are inevitable, due to the uneven distribution of matter throughout the universe. More importantly, observations made by Edwin Hubble showed that the universe appears to be expanding and not static at all (4).

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Strange Things in Space

Antimatter

Like Superman’s alter-ego, Bizzaro, the particles making up normal matter also have their opposite versions. An electron has a negative charge, for example, but its anti-matter equivalent, the positron, is positive. Matter and anti-matter annihilate each other when they collide and their mass is converted into pure energy.

Mini black holes

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The Hole in the Universe: How Scientists Peered over the Edge of Emptiness and Found Everything

An adventure into the heart of Nothing by bestselling author K. C. Cole.

Once again, acclaimed science writer K. C. Cole brings the arcane and acad-
emic down to the level of armchair scientists in The Hole in the Universe,
an entertaining and edifying search for nothing at all. Open the newspaper
on any given day and you will read of a newly discovered planet, star, and
so on. Yet scientists and mathematicians have spent generations searching
the far reaches of the universe for that one elusive state-nothingness.
Although this may sound like a simple task, every time the absolute void
appears within reach, something new is discovered in its place: a black hole,
an undulating string, an additional dimension of space or time-even another universe. A fascinating and literary tour de force, The Hole in the Universe is a virtual romp into the unknown that you never knew wasn’t there.

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